The 50s of the last century were the heyday for (135 film) rangefinder cameras. Almost every manufacturer had one or more in the portfolio. Voigtlander even offered several series. On the one hand were the rather simple VITO view-finders (no rangefinder, fixed built-in lens), the other extreme was the high-end system camera Prominent that seriously competed with the technology leaders Contax and Leica. Inbetween, in 1951, Voigtlander launched the innovative Vitessa, initially with a fixed but retractable high-end lens (Ultron 50mm f / 2.0). Other unique features were the automatic parallax correction and the unique Combi-rod (see below).
With excellent workmanship and a modern design at moderate prices Voigtländer adressed the demanding amateur photographer. Initially, only in wealthier countries (USA) and from 1953 on also in the growing middle class of the German "Wirtschaftswunder". Consistent facelifts followed and the Vitessa showed some benchmark technologies: the built-meter of 1954 with the light value scale in cooperation with the new synchro Compur shutter. Taking pictures more comfortably was hardly possible in 1954.
But competition for innovation at that time was extremely high and Voigtländer had to keep pace. Therefore, at Photokina 1956 this top model Vitessa T was presented with interchangeable lenses. It was decided to use/license the DKL mount developed by shutter manufacturer Deckel/Compur, who by the way also sold it to Braun. Unfortunately, some former highlights and design elements had to be sacrified for the interchangeable lens, in my opinion a rather bad compromise. Of course, one is the missing "barn door" and the bellows, ie the option to retract the lens. On the other hand the excellent Ultron which 6 lenses just did not fit in front of the shutter. Instead, the 4-element color Skopar was introduced. After all, they could save the EV scale and the lenses came with the mechanical depth of field indicators, offered by almost all DKL lenses.
The oustanding (literally!) feature of all Vitessa cameras is of course the Combi button or Combi rod, as it does not exist with any other camera (known to me). It is Voigtlaenders interpretation of the quick-release lever. "Combi" because both, the film is advanced and the shutter is cocked. During the 50s this was still not self-evident. If you hold the camera with both hands to the eye, you can actually shoot with the right index finger and advance with the left one in quick succession. Unfortunately, there is only a third hand missing to focus (the original Vitessas had a wheel for the right thumb!). Once you have cocked/advanced you can press the Combi button any number of times without anything happening. This is necessary, because if extended (only then the camera is ready to shoot) it is quite in the way and sometimes you have to be able to slide it into the park position. This "in the way" refers to some bigger flash units or other items for the accessory shoe, which can not be used accordingly. The fact that the Combi-rod was never re-used in any other camera design, shows its inferiority compared to the then emerging quick-release lever, as we know it from many other cameras.
Hence. the Vitessa T is the last Voigtländer with a Combi-rod and with only about 3 years of production time it remains a transition model. In 1958 (finally!) the Bessamatic is launched, the first reflex of the house (the Contaflex of Zeiss and Kodak's Retina Reflex were already on the market). The Bessaflex also had a somewhat different DKL mount. It is probably targeting the same market group, which now considers a SLR rather than a rangefinder. A total of about 300,000 Vitessas were built, not a bad number for that time. Anyone who wants to learn more, please see the links in the table below.
I have certainly made a real bargain, the camera works including the light meter and I will make a practical test soon and report about here of course.
Data Sheet | Rangefinder camera with interchangeable lenses for 135 film |
Lens | Lenses with special DKL mount. Voigtländer offered the standard lens Color-Skopar 1:2.8/50 mm, a wide angle Skoparet 1:3.4/35 mm, as well as the tele lenses Dynaret 1:4.8/100 mm and Super Dynaret 1:4.0/135 mm. The lenses for the Braun Colorette II fitted as well. |
Shutter | Synchro-Compur leaf shutter behind the lens. B, 1-2-4-8-15-30-60-125-250-500 with EV coupling. |
Metering | Built-in, uncoupled selenium meter, ASA 6-200 with EV (light value) display |
Focussing | manual at the lense, coupled rangefinder |
Viewfinder | Rangefinder, view and automatic parallax compensation for standard lens. For other lenses, an external viewfinder had to be used. |
Flash | M or X switchable, connection via socket. |
Film advance | With so-called. Combi-rod, switch for film transport without shutter release, rewind crank, frame counter. |
misc. Features | Self-timer, mechanically coupled depth of field indicator at each lens, tripod socket, accessory shoe, ISO-cable release thread, |
Size, Weight | 85x135x75 mm, 785 g (with standard lens) |
Battery | no |
Year(s) of Production | 1956-1960, about 42,000 units, this camera #11-16306 ca. 1957. |
Original Price, Today's Value | US$159 (398 DM), with standard lens. Today: about US$ 200 (depending on condition) |
Links | Lausch, Bleckedermoor, Schoebels, Udo Afalter, Hans Lißberger, Manual (engl.), Camera-wiki, |
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Katalogseite aus dem "Photo Porst Photohelfer" von 1956 |